The Camera

The Camera

1. The "camera obscura" was the method used to create the very first camera. It was used in the ancient times by Greek and Chinese philosophers. For it to work, you have to have a completely dark room with a small hole in one side. The light coming in from the hole will focus and project the picture from the outside into the box. The only thing is it will be projected upside down. The philosophers would use special paper to capture the image and save it.
2. Isaac Newton and Christian Huygens perfected the invention of the glass lenses in the 17th century which led to more understanding about optics and creating the modern camera.
3. Later in the 19th century, several portable "camera obscuras" were created. Joseph Niepce added film to them as the final touch and took the very first picture ever. All that was needed was a dark box, a glass lens, and some film.
4. Modern cameras have come a long way from the first one, but they still have some things in common such as the film and the lens. However, cameras now days have autofocus and are easier to carry around.
5. Unlike the old parts used for the ancient camera, modern cameras have digital film that helps save lots of pictures. However, the structure is almost exactly the same. The cameras still need light to pass through the lens and expose the film. 
6. Like I said, modern cameras have digital film that helps capture pictures better. It also uses an electronic censor called a CCD which can store photos for later.

Camera Modes

1. The difference between the two modes is that Auto mode just controls everything automatically while Program mode allows you to have control over the flash and exposure.
2. In Portrait mode, the camera lens will switch to use the fastest lens available in order to try to blur out the background and focus on one object.
3. In Sports mode, the camera uses the highest shutter speed in order to freeze motion and not take a blurry picture

The Half Press

1. Doing a half press on the trigger button allows the camera to have a faster reaction time, you have more control over the focus of the shot, and it encourages better compositions.

Controlling Flash

1. The symbol of the lightning arrow with a circle around it is called the Disabled Flash which means there will be no flash when you take the picture.
2. The lightning arrow with the word "auto" next to it is called Auto Flash which means the flash will automatically fire if the camera thinks the photo needs more light.

Introduction to Exposure

1. If your photo has too much light, the end result will look washed out.
2. If your photo doesn't have enough light, the end result will look too dark.

The Universal Stop

1. The word "stop" in photography is to represent a relative change in the brightness of light. In other words, a form of measurement.
2. The relative brightness of the planet would be 1 stop brighter with the extra sun.
3. The relative brightness of the planet would be 2 stops brighter with 4 suns instead of two.

Shutters and Aperture

1. A longer shutter speed means you will have more light in the photo.
2. A shorter shutter speed means you will have less light in the photo.
3. The Aperture is the "pupil" of the camera. It controls how much light reaches the film after it passes through.
4. In order to increase the amount of light, you can adjust the Aperture Opening (F-Stop). The smaller the F-Stop number, the larger the openings. The larger the openings, the more light you have.